Epichlorohydrin

 

Epichlorohydrin is a liquid epoxide most frequently manufactured by the chlorohydrination of allyl chloride. The principal uses for epichlorohydrin are in the production of epoxy resins. Its primary use are synthetic glycerin, epichlorohydrin elastomers,specialty water treatment chemicals, wet/strength resins for paper production, and surfactants. Little synthetic glycerin is produced, as abundant supplies are available as by/products from biodiesel production.

In their cured form, epoxy resins possess outstanding properties, including toughness, resistance to moisture and chemicals, high tensile strength, and good dielectric properties. They are used in a variety of applications. Protective coatings are the largest market in the United States, accounting for over half of US consumption; other large markets for unmodified epoxy resins include bonding and adhesives; glass fiber–reinforced vessels, pipes, and structural materials; and electrical laminates and encapsulations.

Chinese epichlorohydrin production started in the 1960s. As demand for epichlorohydrin picked up during 1997–2007, China had to rely heavily on imports because of its lack of capacity. In the mid-2000s, demand rose quickly, imports increased substantially, and domestic companies increased epichlorohydrin capacity. Chinese capacity expanded substantially from 2006 to 2015. As a result, Chinese imports of epichlorohydrin plunged every year from 2006 to 2011, while domestic production expanded by about 35% per year in the same period.

China has been the world’s largest epichlorohydrin-consuming country since the late 2000s; in China, epichlorohydrin is used primarily for the production of epoxy resins, accounting for approximately 97% of total epichlorohydrin consumption. Chinese consumption is forecast to grow by 4.5% per year during 2016–21.

US epichlorohydrin consumption fell in 2009 as a result of the economic recession, but experienced good recovery in 2010–12. Consumption fell again in 2012 because of increased competition from Asian producers. In 2015–17, there was some recovery as demand for epoxy resins improved. In recent years, demand for nonepoxy derivatives has generally grown at higher rates than that for epoxies.

Total Western European consumption of epichlorohydrin declined in 2013, primarily because of decreased epoxy resins production; however, consumption growth is expected to resume as a result of greater automotive production and other end uses such as composites applications and increase at an average annual rate of 3% from 2016 to 2021.

In South Korea, Taiwan, and Thailand, most epichlorohydrin is consumed in the production of epoxy resins. Major producers of epoxy resins in Taiwan are Nan Ya Plastics and Chang Chun Plastics; producers in South Korea include Kukdo Chemical, Kumho P&B, and Kolon Industries; Thai producers include Aditya Birla Chemicals.

Epichlorohydrin is made from allyl chloride, which in turn is derived from propylene and chlorine/caustic soda. In the past decade, several plants have been built to produce epichlorohydrin from renewable sources—specifically from glycerin derived as a by-product from the manufacture of biodiesel. However, it is believed these plants are either inoperative or operating at low rates as a result of poor economics. Since 2011, the prices of petrochemical-based epichlorohydrin have fallen because of global overcapacity, a sluggish epoxy resin industry, and the drop in crude oil prices.

kindly check our specifications as follows:

 

	TEST	SPECIFICATION	RESULT
1	EPICHLOROHYDRIN	99.5% MIN	99.96%
2	COLOR (APHA)	15 MAX	10
3	MOISTURE	0.1%MAX	0.0160%
4	DENSITY(20℃)	1.180~1.183	1.181

If you have demands of it , please contact S Epichlorohydrin (67843-74-7) manufacturer India at any time.

 

PROPERTIES AND USES

Product Uses

 Epichlorohydrin is an extremely versatile chemical intermediate that finds its use in a wide variety of applications – from epoxy resins and textiles, to ion exchange resins rubbers, agricultural products, and more. Epichlorohydrin is primarily used to manufacture epoxy resins. Epoxy resins are generally produced by reacting a polyhydric phenol with an aliphatic chlorohydrin or simple aliphatic epoxide. The most familiar epoxy is obtained by condensing epichlorohydrin with bisphenol A, resulting in a basic epoxy resin molecule. Major advantages of epoxy resins include corrosion resistance, solvent and chemical resistance, hardness, and adhesion. Other derivatives of epichlorohydrin may be obtained by: • Coupling this basic epoxy structure with materials containing an active hydrogen, such as aldehydes, polyamides, and polyamines;

 • Crosslinking it with amine or acid curing agents;

 • Esterifying it with short- or long-chain unsaturated acids.

 Textiles

 In the textile industry, epichlorohydrin is used to modify the carboxyl groups of wool. The resulting product has a longer and improved resistance to moths. Epichlorohydrin also is used to prepare protein-modified, woollike fibers, which have an affinity for acid dyes and which exhibit resistance to both mold and insects. Further, epichlorohydrin is used to prepare dyeable polypropylene fibers and to dye polyolefin, polyacrylonitrile, polyvinyl chloride, polyvinyl alcohol, and other fibers. It is also used to impart wrinkle resistance and to prepare anti-static agents and textile sizings. Derivatives of epichlorohydrin show utility as leveling, dispersion, softening, emulsifying and washing agents. Papers, Inks, Dyes Wet-strength paper sizing is prepared from either polyamides modified with epichlorohydrin or from the reaction product of epichlorohydrin and an alkylene amine. Epichlorohydrin polyhydroxy compounds and their esters are useful in the production of special printing inks and textile print pastes. These products yield flexible films that are chemically inert to caustic soda and other chemical solutions. Epichlorohydrin adducts are useful as filler retention aids, paper coatings, flocculants, and anti-static agents. Paper and paperboard products with improved printability, pigment retention, folding endurance, and gloss also are prepared with epichlorohydrin reaction products. Ion Exchange Resins Epichlorohydrin is used to produce both anion- and cation-exchange resins. Water-insoluble anion-exchange resins having good stability are prepared by reacting epichlorohydrin with ethylenediamine or a higher homolog. Strongbase anion-exchange resins can be produced by reacting epichlorohydrin with polymeric tertiary amines. Epichlorohydrin-based anion exchangers are used successfully to purify drinking water and to clean polluted air. Cation-exchange resins are produced by condensing epichlorohydrin with polyhydroxy phenols and by sulfonating the product.

Surface Active Agents :

Many epichlorohydrin-based, surface-active agents are synthesized by condensing the epichlorohydrin with a polyamine such as tetraethylenepentamine, plus a fatty acid such as stearic acid. The polyamine and fatty acid may be replaced with an alkali metal, starch, or other reactant. Sulfonated epichlorohydrin is occasionally substituted for epichlorohydrin. Such products find use in cosmetics and shampoos, and as detergents, sudsing agents, water softeners, and demulsifiers.

Plasticizers:

 The reaction of epichlorohydrin with alcohols, alcoholates, or the sodium salts of stearic, oleic, palmitic, myristic, and other fatty acids yields products used as vinyl polymer plasticizers, solvents for food and flavoring, and plasticizers for polyurethanes.

Agricultural Products:

 Biologically active compounds are prepared by reacting epichlorohydrin with alcohols or the sodium salts of alkylphenols. Such products have found effective use in insecticides, bactericides, and fungicides.

More Applications Other applications for derivatives of epichlorohydrin include:

• Asphalt improvers;

 • Corrosion inhibitors;

 • Electrical insulation for wire;

 • Fire-retardant urethanes;

 • Hair conditioning rinses;

 • Liners for polyethylene bottles;

 • Linoleum and linoleum cements;

 • Lubricant additives;

 • Petroleum production aids;

 • Pharmaceuticals;

 • Photographic film bases;

 • Rubber latex coagulation aids;

 • Waterproofing compounds;

• Zinc electroplating compounds.